Eight smaller communities have airports designated for commercial service under the Essential Air Service program.[287]. [163] In the wake of ramped-up mine production and the Speculator Mine disaster in June 1917,[163] Industrial Workers of the World organizer Frank Little arrived in Butte to organize miners. Matt Rosendale is the current officeholder. 4.1 million, acres of classified grazing, and forest lands with an estimated carrying capacity of 990,000 animal-unit-months (AUMs) a minimum rental rate. Montana Shakespeare in the Parks has been performing free, live theatrical productions of Shakespeare and other classics throughout Montana and the Northwest region since 1973. The governor is Greg Gianforte, a Republican elected in 2020. Toole. Montana's main crops are wheat, hay, and barley, a large proportion of which goes to supporting its extensive cattle-farming economy. Indian survivors who had signed treaties were generally required to move onto reservations. As of September 2020[update], the state's unemployment rate is 5.3%.[226]. The Montana Act led to the arrest of more than 200 individuals and the conviction of 78, mostly of German or Austrian descent. Previously, these cold spells had killed off bark beetles, but these are now attacking the forests of western Montana. [185] Many of Montana's historic logging communities originally attracted people of Scottish, Scandinavian, Slavic, English, and Scots-Irish descent. The data are derived from the statewide Montana Cadastral Parcel layer. [104], Average daytime temperatures vary from 28 °F or −2.2 °C in January to 84.5 °F or 29.2 °C in July. With the help of an assistant teacher, Mrs. Farley,[232] Raymond was responsible for teaching 50 to 60 students each day out of the 81 students enrolled at the school. [196] Today, the Missoula area has a large Hmong population [197] and the nearly 3,000 Montanans who claim Filipino ancestry are the largest Asian-American group in the state. [15] The Rocky Mountain Front is a significant feature in the state's north-central portion,[16] and isolated island ranges that interrupt the prairie landscape common in the central and eastern parts of the state. When the Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba, President John F. Kennedy said the Soviets backed down because they knew he had an "ace in the hole", referring directly to the Minuteman missiles in Montana. At least 1,500 Montanans died in the war. Complicating the wartime struggles, the 1918 influenza epidemic claimed the lives of more than 5,000 Montanans. He lived in Minnesota or Wisconsin, Massachusetts or Maine. The constitution was narrowly approved, 116,415 to 113,883, and declared ratified on June 20, 1972. [13][14] The Absaroka and Beartooth ranges in the state's south-central part are technically part of the Central Rocky Mountains. On January 20, 1954, −70 °F or −56.7 °C was recorded at a gold mining camp near Rogers Pass. Federal courts in Montana include the United States District Court for the District of Montana and the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Montana. Voters turned down a new convention in 1990 (84 percent no)[299] and again in 2010 (58.6 percent no). Varied terrain with a mix of trees and grass. [7], The name Montana comes from the Spanish word montaña, which in turn comes from the Latin word montanea, meaning "mountain" or more broadly "mountainous country". [184], According to the 2010 Census, 89.4% of the population was White (87.8% non-Hispanic White), 6.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9% Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6% Asian, 0.4% Black or African American, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, 0.6% from some other race, and 2.5% from two or more races. The geographic center of population of Montana is in sparsely populated Meagher County, in the town of White Sulphur Springs. [243] One is a member of the Great Northwest Athletic Conference. The U.S. Constitution provides each state with two senators. In 1909, Congress passed the Enlarged Homestead Act that expanded the amount of free land from 160 to 320 acres (0.6 to 1.3 km2) per family and in 1912 reduced the time to "prove up" on a claim to three years. Retire in the West. Isaac B Mather, Serial Land Patent in Park County, Montana, 1912 Courtesy of Bureau of Land Management, Eastern States Office Montana; Isaac B Mather, Serial Land Patent in Park County, Montana, 1910 Courtesy of Bureau of Land Management, Eastern States Office Montana; James A Murray, Serial Land Patent in Broadwater County, Montana, 1914 Courtesy of Bureau of Land … The honyocker was farmer, spinster, deep-sea diver; fiddler, physician, bartender, cook. Looking for Montana land for sale? [193], As of 2009, almost two-thirds of Native Americans in the state live in urban areas. [301] It is an equitable distribution and no-fault divorce state. State Symbols – Official Designations", "St. Mary's Mission in Stevensville designated National Historic District", "Tester Asks Navy to Christen Submarine USS Montana", "Threatened, Endangered and Candidate Species in Montana-Endangered Species Act", "Trapping and Furbearer Management in Montana", "Upper Yellowstone River Mapping Project", "USGS Geonames Search Result-Montana+Stream", "Vermont Remains Top State in Capita per Brewery", "Welcome to the Montana High School Association", "Welcome to the World Ski Joring Championships", "Yellowstone in Winter: Current Management and Planning", List of Searchable Databases Produced by Montana State Agencies, Montana Energy Data & Statistics—From the U.S. Department of Energy, Montana State Facts From the U.S. Department of Agriculture, USGS Real-time, Geographic, and Other Scientific Resources of Montana, Spanish involvement in the American Revolutionary War, Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador), Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (founder of Nicaragua), Indigenous people during De Soto's travels, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montana&oldid=1006651347, States and territories established in 1889, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2020, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible nickname list, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from June 2014, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from November 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from September 2020, Articles needing additional references from February 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with dead external links from February 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with self-published sources from December 2017, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "Oro y Plata" (Spanish for "Gold and Silver"), Total employer establishments: 38,720 (As of 2018. The Montana Legislature is bicameral, and consists of the 50-member Montana Senate and the 100-member Montana House of Representatives. U.S. Attorney Burton K. Wheeler and several district court judges who hesitated to prosecute or convict people brought up on charges were strongly criticized. Temperatures vary greatly on cold nights, and Helena, 40 miles (64 km) to the southeast had a low of only −36 °F or −37.8 °C on the same date, and an all-time record low of −42 °F or −41.1 °C. The council also passed rules limiting public gatherings and prohibiting the speaking of German in public. From statehood in 1889 until 1913, Montana was represented in the United States House of Representatives by a single representative, elected at-large. Montana is an alcoholic beverage control state. The legislative branch had split party control between the house and senate most years between 2004 and 2010, when the mid-term elections returned both branches to Republican control. The legislature increased the number of justices to five in 1919. These dealings were not always peaceful, and though the fur trade brought some material gain for indigenous tribal groups, it also brought exposure to European diseases and altered their economic and cultural traditions. To find more land for sale in Montana, sign up for Land And Farm's Montana land-for-sale email alerts to be notified … Three former Montana politicians have been named judges on the U.S. District Court: Charles Nelson Pray (who served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1907 to 1913), James Franklin Battin (who served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1961 to 1969), and Paul G. Hatfield (who served as an appointed U.S. Farmers of Irish, Scots, and English roots also settled in Montana. They are all five acres or less, and are exclusively for residential use. [129], The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke in 1866, on the Missouri River, to protect steamboat traffic going to Fort Benton. [272] Equestrian skijoring has a niche in Montana, which hosts the World Skijoring Championships in Whitefish as part of the annual Whitefish Winter Carnival. Montana's single congressional district holds the largest population of any district in the country, which means its one member in the House of Representatives represents more people than any other member of the U.S. House (see List of U.S. states by population). [13] Most of Montana's hundred or more named mountain ranges are in the state's western half, most of which is geologically and geographically part of the northern Rocky Mountains. [67] The stretch of river between Fort Benton and the Fred Robinson Bridge at the western boundary of Fort Peck Reservoir was designated a National Wild and Scenic River in 1976. [280][281], During the age of the Copper Kings, each Montana copper company had its own newspaper. [157] Significant drops occurred following the drought in 1919. [307] The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. The constitution requires the establishment of a Montana Supreme Court and Montana District Courts, and permits the legislature to establish Justice Courts, City Courts, Municipal Courts, and other inferior courts such as the legislature sees fit to establish. [11] Other names such as Shoshone were suggested, but the Committee on Territories decided they could name it whatever they wanted, so the original name of Montana was adopted.[11]. Montana is home to diverse fauna including 14 amphibian,[91] 90 fish,[92] 117 mammal,[93] 20 reptile,[94] and 427 bird[95] species. Montana has some 3,000 named lakes and reservoirs, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. [9] The name Montana was added in 1863 to a bill by the United States House Committee on Territories (chaired at the time by James Ashley of Ohio) for the territory that would become Idaho Territory. According to a 2012 NY Times article, Turner is the 2nd largest land owner in the US and owns about 2 million acres across 12 states. GENERAL PROVISIONS – Part 5. These numbers constituted about ten percent of the state's population, and Montana again contributed one of the highest numbers of soldiers per capita of any state. Montana and South Dakota are the only states to share a land border which is not traversed by a paved road. Some estimates say more than 13 million bison were in Montana in 1870. The Montana Constitution established the State Land Board and put oversight of the School Trust Lands in their hands. Montana has only one representative in the U.S. House, having lost its second district in the 1990 census reapportionment. [45] The underlying surface consists of sandstone and shale. There are 22 judicial districts in Montana, served by 56 District Courts and 46 District Court judges. [79] The Yellowstone joins the Missouri in North Dakota just east of Fort Union. [174] Montana also was the training ground for the First Special Service Force or "Devil's Brigade", a joint U.S-Canadian commando-style force that trained at Fort William Henry Harrison for experience in mountainous and winter conditions before deployment. [174], In 1940, Jeannette Rankin was again elected to Congress. [205], The largest denominations in Montana as of 2010 were the Catholic Church with 127,612 adherents, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 46,484 adherents, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America with 38,665 adherents, and nondenominational Evangelical Protestant with 27,370 adherents. [288][289], Montana is governed by a constitution. He is well known for having bribed his way into the U.S. Senate. [149] Though the word "honyocker", possibly derived from the ethnic slur "hunyak",[154] was applied in a derisive manner at homesteaders as being "greenhorns", "new at his business", or "unprepared",[155] most of these new settlers had farming experience, though many did not.[156]. The first permanent settlement by Euro-Americans in what today is Montana was St. Mary's (1841) near present-day Stevensville. [305], Historically, Montana is a swing state of cross-ticket voters who tend to fill elected offices with individuals from both parties. [212] The state was sued in 2004 because of lack of funding, and the state has increased its support of the program. Routes 2 and 12 and Montana Highway 200 also traverse the entire state from east to west. [291] In 1914, Montana granted women the vote. [224] It also applies to "luxuries"- defined by law as any item item normally sold to the public or to transient visitors or tourists that does not include food purchased unprepared or unserved, medicine, medical supplies and services, appliances, hardware supplies and tools, or any necessities of life. Given its high-elevation climate, the state accounts for the majority of the dry peas, lentils, and mustard seed farmed i Montana is the fourth-biggest state in the United States, covering 147,046 … [201] The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. 1 - 25 of 3,659 listings - Browse Montana properties for sale on LandsOfAmerica. Around 1500 Montanans died as a result of the war and 2437 were wounded, also higher than any other state on a per capita basis. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Hell Roaring Creek begins in southern Montana, and when combined with the Red Rock, Beaverhead, Jefferson, Missouri, and Mississippi River, is the longest river in North America and the fourth longest river in the world. Robinson. The first territorial capital was at Bannack. [163], War sentiment was complicated by labor issues. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. It borders North Dakota and South Dakota to the east. The land must be capable of sustaining 31 animal unit months (aum) annually. "[209] It is the only state in the U.S. with such a constitutional mandate. [295], The 1972 constitution has been amended 31 times as of 2015. It is the fourth-largest state by area, the eighth-least populous state, and the third-least densely populated state. [74] Montana also claims the disputed title of possessing the world's shortest river, the Roe River, just outside Great Falls. [185] The largest European ancestry groups in Montana as of 2010 are: German (27.0%), Irish (14.8%), English (12.6%), Norwegian (10.9%), French (4.7%), and Italian (3.4%). [78] It then flows northeasterly[78] across the state through Billings, Miles City, Glendive, and Sidney. The largest mining operations were in the city of Butte, which had important silver deposits and gigantic copper deposits. Hundreds of these sites are located on lakes or rivers, or mountain forests, while others are found near farm and ranch land. In 1985, the Montana Legislature passed a law allowing towns with fewer than 5,500 residents and unincorporated communities with fewer than 2,500 to levy a resort tax if more than half the community's income came from tourism. [303] Also notable is Representative (later Senator) Thomas H. Carter, the first Catholic to serve as chairman of the Republican National Committee (from 1892 to 1896).[304]. Th... Take in the amazing views of the Tobacco Root Mountains, Rubys, Pioneers & the Highlands from this g... End of the road property bordering National Forest makes this a very special setting. In May 2006, then-Governor Brian Schweitzer posthumously issued full pardons for all those convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act. Due to recent budget cuts, these maps have not been updated since September 2016. These three communities are the centers of Montana's three Metropolitan Statistical Areas. [28] The Beartooth Plateau is the largest continuous land mass over 10,000 feet (3,000 m) high in the continental United States. Elections in the state have been competitive, with the Democrats usually holding an edge, thanks to the support among unionized miners and railroad workers. The state spans from below the 45th parallel (the line equidistant between the equator and North Pole) to the 49th parallel, and elevations range from under 2,000 feet (610 m) to nearly 13,000 feet (4,000 m) above sea level. [149], In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began to promote settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Montana is second nationwide for producing honey and honey bees. [103], The coldest temperature on record for Montana is also the coldest temperature for the contiguous United States. There are junior ice hockey teams in Montana, four of which are affiliated with the North American 3 Hockey League: the Bozeman Icedogs, Great Falls Americans, Helena Bighorns, and Missoula Jr. Bruins. More than a dozen additional military outposts were established in the state. The historically mining-oriented communities of western Montana such as Butte have a wider range of European-American ethnicity; Finns, Eastern Europeans and especially Irish settlers left an indelible mark on the area, as well as people originally from British mining regions such as Cornwall, Devon, and Wales. [150] In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. On the eastern (leeward) side of a mountain range, the valleys are much drier; Lonepine averages 11.45 inches (291 mm), and Deer Lodge 11.00 inches (279 mm) of precipitation. The Water Court adjudicates water rights claims under the Montana Water Use Act of 1973, and has statewide jurisdiction. The Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation manages 5,200,000 acres (21,000 km2) of School Trust Land ceded by the federal government under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to the state in 1889 when Montana was granted statehood. The first constitution was drafted by a constitutional convention in 1889, in preparation for statehood. [200] Also, 15,438 (1.7% of the state population) were speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1%) were speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4%) were speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Based on recent LandWatch data, Montana ranks fifth in the country for the combined acreage currently for sale in the state. [needs update], Montana is a relative hub of beer microbrewing, ranking third in the nation in number of craft breweries per capita in 2011. Flowers native to Montana include asters, bitterroots, daisies, lupins, poppies, primroses, columbine, lilies, orchids, and dryads. Painter and sculptor Charles Marion Russell, known as "the cowboy artist", created more than 2,000 paintings of cowboys, Native Americans, and landscapes set in the Western United States and in Alberta, Canada. [228] Another early subscription school was started by Thomas Dimsdale in Virginia City in 1863. [96] Montana hosts five federally endangered species–black-footed ferret, whooping crane, least tern, pallid sturgeon, and white sturgeon and seven threatened species including the grizzly bear, Canadian lynx, and bull trout. [26][61] The Pend Oreille River forms the outflow of Lake Pend Oreille. The Minerals Management Bureau, (MMB), is responsible for leasing, permitting, and managing approximately 5,301 oil and gas, metalliferous and non-metalliferous, coal, sand and gravel agreements on 2.1 million acres of the available 6.2 million acres of school trust lands and approximately 5,632 acres of other state-owned land throughout Montana. [202], According to the Pew Forum, the religious affiliations of the people of Montana are: Protestant 47%, Catholic 23%, LDS (Mormon) 5%, Jehovah's Witness 2%, Buddhist 1%, Jewish 0.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5% and nonreligious at 20%. The median price of Montana farmland for sale is $415,000. The taxable value is then multiplied by the mill levy established by various taxing jurisdictions—city and county government, school districts, and others.[223]. [244], A variety of sports are offered at Montana high schools. Burnings of German-language books and several near-hangings occurred. [262], Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. - Lots Available for Lease - Cabin sites, also known as home sites, are small lots for lease that are scattered across the state of Montana. Forests cover about 25% of the state. Higher education is overseen by a governor-appointed Board of Regents, which in turn appoints a commissioner of higher education. Alaska and Hawaii have both had nuclear submarines named after them. In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens negotiated the Hellgate treaty between the United States government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and Kootenai people of western Montana, which established boundaries for the tribal nations. Most of the larger cities get 30 to 50 inches or 0.76 to 1.27 meters of snow each year. [18], The Bitterroot Mountains—one of the longest continuous ranges in the Rocky Mountain chain from Alaska to Mexico[19]—along with smaller ranges, including the Coeur d'Alene Mountains and the Cabinet Mountains, divide the state from Idaho. The mountain ranges block the moist Pacific air, holding moisture in the western valleys, and creating rain shadows to the east. U.S. These maps illustrate ownership of most contiguous private land, owned by the same party, when that tract of land is 40 acres or greater. [133], Cattle ranching has been central to Montana's history and economy since Johnny Grant began wintering cattle in the Deer Lodge Valley in the 1850s and traded cattle fattened in fertile Montana valleys with emigrants on the Oregon Trail. [135][136] Granville Stuart, Samuel Hauser, and Andrew J. Davis started a major open-range cattle operation in Fergus County in 1879. Mountainlands Realty specializes in remote mountain land, recreational, hunting and fishing and secluded properties for sale in Montana and Wyoming for Cabins and Homes! The 1889 constitution mimicked the structure of the United States Constitution, as well as outlining almost the same civil and political rights for citizens. The first schools were subscription schools that typically met in the teacher's home. Find Cheap Land in Montana for Sale. [146], The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres (0.65 km2) of federal land in the Midwest and western United States. [128] The Salish remained in the Bitterroot Valley until 1891. [120] Until the Oregon Treaty (1846), land west of the continental divide was disputed between the British and U.S. and was known as the Oregon Country. [45] Known as laccoliths, they formed when igneous rock protruded through cracks in the sedimentary rock. The transcontinental GNR was completed on January 6, 1893, at Scenic, Washington.[141]. Today, the BNSF Railway is the state's largest railroad, its main transcontinental route incorporating the former Great Northern main line across the state. She referred to Butte throughout the rest of her career and remains a controversial figure there for her mixture of criticism and love for Butte and its people. Between 1988 and 2006, the pattern flipped, with voters more likely to elect conservatives to federal offices. The capital moved to Virginia City in 1865 and to Helena in 1875. [148] Some farmers came with the arrival of the Great Northern and Northern Pacific Railroads throughout the 1880s and 1890s, though in relatively small numbers. [62] The Clark Fork discharges the greatest volume of water of any river exiting the state. Heavy snowstorms may occur from September through May, though most snow falls from November to March. Note: Births in table do not add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. Of Montana's House delegates, Jeannette Rankin was the first woman to hold national office in the United States when she was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1916. Montana is the only one of the first 48 states lacking a completed battleship being named for it. Between many mountain ranges are rich river valleys. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Other rich placer deposits were found at Last Chance Gulch, where the city of Helena now stands, Confederate Gulch, Silver Bow, Emigrant Gulch, and Cooke City. Democrats hold one of the state's two U.S. Senate seats with Jon Tester. The Montana University System consists of: The Montana Territory was formed on April 26, 1864, when the U.S. passed the Organic Act. [306], In more recent presidential elections, Montana has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. Ecotaxes on resource extraction are numerous. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. [290] Montana voters amended the 1889 constitution 37 times between 1889 and 1972.
Weather 11561 Hourly, Euro 2021 Predictor, Minecraft Changing Entity Models, Michigan District Courts, Wings Lifestyle Wiki, Pantene Silver Expressions Shampoo Replacement, Lineman's Pliers Another Name, Star Wars: The Force Unleashed Gameplay,